Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Play a Role in Depression: Main Action Mechanisms

The omega-3 and omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) are either synthesized from the essential fatty ACIDs α-Linolenic Acid (ALA) and Linoleic Acid (LA) respectively, or obtained from the diet. Omega-3 PUFAs, Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) are found predominantly in oily fish such as salmon, mackerel and sardines. Some experimental, clinical and epidemiological data favour the hypothesis that PUFAs could play a role in pathogenesis and treatment of depression [1,2]. The aim of this work is to summarize the main mechanisms whereby PUFAs may exert this role.